Definition
Coordination among three or more states through shared rules, institutions or negotiated arrangements.
Theoretical Context
Multilateralism is not simply a meeting involving three states. John Ruggie's institutional approach emphasises generalised principles of conduct and reciprocity. International trade regimes, multilateral diplomacy and environmental agreements illustrate cooperation of varying depth and effectiveness.
Key Thinkers
John Ruggie
Examples in Practice
01
Multilateral climate negotiations
States negotiate shared climate rules while retaining different interests and levels of capacity.